Evaluation of carotid artery stenosis: Imaging modalities
Rachel Leung YY., Llwyd O., Gaba KA., Howard DPJ.
This chapter delineates the advantages and limitations of current imaging modalities—ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) angiography, and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)—for assessing carotid artery disease. It discusses the imaging criteria used to guide intervention decisions, reviewing criteria from the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial and the European Carotid Surgery Trial. Furthermore, the chapter explores the contemporary impact of artificial intelligence in carotid imaging and deep learning-based hemodynamic characterization of carotid artery stenosis.